Much of this strand of the project has been spent in my studio creating pieces which respond to my understanding of the news. I broadened my watch from BBC news, which I found largely child like, to include Al Jazeera and sometimes Russia Today. I watched a few documentaries on the BBC which went into things in a little more depth. The Middle East popped up on BBC from time to time but as one might expect it is more extensively covered in Al jazeera. I was interested in seeing how this widening of my news channels affected my thoughts and consequently the work. The recommendation to try Al jazeera came from a white british parish councillor from a very cute Cheshire village. He said that it gave him a wider world view. I had avoided Al jazeera before. Probably fearing that it might just provide another kind of bias. I did a little research into its origins and possible motivations. To be fair more of an analysis than I've ever done of the BBC. Al Jazeera is broadcast from Qatar, some of whose recent and historic policies and affiliations are hard for me to stomach. I think I'd struggle most with floggings and stonings for adultery and their laws on homosexuality. I'd probably get along without alcohol or pork. The UN however class Qatar as a country of "high human development". This considers life expectancy, education and average income. It seems to be a rich country with an influence disproportionate to its size.
Homophobia is illegal and subject to the death penalty in Qatar but Al jazerra has a whole section of its web stories dedicated to LBGT news from around the world. Maybe Al jazeera's claim to be independent is more true than false or maybe the Qatar state isn't as absolute on its laws as it seems.
I have noted that more countries are covered in more depth and more tricky subjects are tackled on Al jazerra than on the BBC. For Example, I'd heard of the issues in Venezuela from a fellow crocheter whose son moved there to live a socialist life but I'd not heard anything of the countries current plight before seeing a story about it on Al jazerra. I can't say that I've watched Al jazeera enough to understand its bias.
I am still worried about how exposure to a certain kind of news alters my world view without my conscious knowledge. I'm still aware that blanket acceptance of what we watch, wherever we watch it is imperfect. I also suspect that even if you live in the site of a news story your view is partial. I noted that as I learnt more I often became more confused. All this might lead me to a reticence to express my thoughts.
I guess that the joy of LILIWAAC is that it is accumulative. A view on a certain piece of news may prove, over time, to be incorrect. As I choose another story and then another I am becoming more aware of common themes. The initial title "Like It. Lump It. We Are All Connected."becomes more portend of the final piece. I'm coming to suspect that the underlying negative connections might not be around things like religious affiliation or national allegiance but around a desire in the elite to develop, sustain and grow a certain programming. Programming from birth which stresses the importance of I over us and owned over common. If we all buy into (irony of that phrase not lost on me) a belief that we are owners of natural objects and processes as opposed to entities who co-exist in this world the current status quo can be preserved. Oil is a great example. It is the result of the natural process of organic matter dying and being crushed over millions of years. It is found more densely in certain places. Top three places where there are oil reserves are currently defined as, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia and Canada. This doesn't tally with biggest oil producers but that is probably another part of the same story. These states may claim that they own this oil. Like the Clampets in the old TV series they whoop at the discovery of the liquid goal on their previously un or semi productive land/sea. Good on them we might say. Good on us for we will be able to buy the oil to fuel our daily life. They own it and we buy it. I'm trying to take out all the complexity about conflict and regime change over oil, companies buying the rights to extract from a country, world debt forcing countries to give access to their reserves. I'm aiming to just consider this idea of ownership of natural objects and processes. I'm coming to think that this might be at the root of our perverted systems. I'm not sure if I can articulate it fully just yet. The creation of this work is helping me think it through and maybe as it goes on show it helps bring things to light which are beyond individual fact or situation.
A post note on ownership: I'm part of a group called radical readers. Each 6 weeks we get a book to read. This time its "Confessions Of A Recovering Environmentalist" by Paul KingsNorth.
I find that it often happens that my thoughts will begin to move in a certain direction then I pick up a book and declare "That's what I was thinking..only clearer and articulated better". This is true here. Kingsnorth talks a lot about how we feel that we have dominion over nature and sit apart from it. With this in mind we commodify it and feel free to exploit it. If we see ourselves as part of everything else its non sensical to over exploit one part as it creates a collective harm. This is so hard to get our heads around. Our training as individuals has been so persuasive. As the title of his book indicates Kingsnorth is also quiet cynical that humans can "save the world". Strangely enough this lack of what he calls "false hope" or "false hopelessness" doesn't stop him living an environmentally lighter life and writing about the issues. It put me in mind of the words of an Eva Cassidy Song "Fields Of Gold" "I never made promises lightly and there have been some that I've broken But I swear in the days still left we'll walk in fields of gold.". A revolution of mind and spirit may not save the part of this planet which we call our species but it could still be worth the revolution. Perhaps so that we can weather the storms more kindly, perhaps so that we can leave less devastation.
Confusion in The Middle East
A welt of news regarding the Middle East On BBC news and my switch to a Middle Eastern news agency meant that a revisiting of work around Syria and the wider region was required. There was news on the Syrian gas attacks and the resulting coalition air strikes. Then Trump tearing up the Iran nuclear deal and the day after Israeli strikes on Iranian troupes in Syria. There was the protests and shootings on the boarder between Israel and Gaza. Blockades in Yemen and talk of arms trades. It may have been described as "all kicking off again in the Middle East." An elderly relative of ours used to say despairingly "I don't know why they don't just knock their heads together."We are told that we need to view the Middle East through certain perspectives in order to understand it. Sometimes its a religious one. Sometimes its a national one. Sometimes its a civil liberties one. I think that most of these lead us to confusion and the sentiment "I don't know why they don't just knock their heads together. "
I've tried to understand it using each of these perspectives, I've got the charts to prove it. Lets have a go at religion first.
We are told that ISIS or IS or some other such fluidly named group are fuelled by religion to inflict an absolute rule of law on everybody. Whilst they might see themselves as righteous we are encouraged to see them as evil.
People who live in conflict zones defined along religious lines often talk of living amicably next to neighbours of a different religion before the conflict. There appears to be shock, horror and disappointment when neighbour turns on neighbour. If the conflict was really about bubbling unlivable religious difference surely most people would just shrug at the inevitable. I would be more inclined to say that religious differences, be they person, national or international, are more likely to be about equity or the lack of it. A religious mission just so happens to allow a group to take sole ownership of the resources in a place with the added bonus or righteousness. These assets include human resources (a horrible phrase but probably appropriate in this instance). The fighter on the ground may think they are fighting for Christ or Allah only to find that the change in state is more about a change in resources.
Instead of religion we may feel that we are fighting for nation. A threat from abroad which needs to be challenged. Looking at historic maps I have come to realise just how changeable the notion of abroad is. The most profound manifestation of shifting boarders in The Middle East seems to me to be "The State Of Israel". A piece of news came up about Israel bombing Syria from the Golan heights. Before this piece of news I'd never heard of this place before. It was once part of Syria but since 1981 its been annexed by Israel. Another news story concentrated on the shooting of people on the disputed Gaza/Israeli border. Of course my knowledge and understanding of this is so partial but one image seemed to tell something about this place. The picture was posted on a Zionist site to illustrate how close Israeli's settlements were to the border and thus the risk from Hamas. There is the border, in this case a fence. On one side are lush green fields on the other, just metres away from the green fields, grey scratty earth and built up areas. The green fields are on the Israeli side, the grey on the Gaza side.Shootings of children were justified, to not do so would lead to a breech of the fence. The idea of nation here sees those on one side of a thin line living with poor sanitation, joblessness, hungry, lacking growing land and the ability to trade. Fellow humans just a bus ride away living with so much less than their cross boarder neighbours. Whatever one might feel about this or similar conflicts I'm seeing the guise of nation state used as another means to covert and horde resources. The fact that these things are mine not yours could often be said to be largely a result of geographical luck and sometimes force.
We come to perhaps the most difficult perspective to unpick. The fight for civil liberties. In fact so difficult to unpick that I might leave that one for another day.
Post note on Civil Liberties:
It is often the case that when you look at the definition of a phrase you are surprised. Thus it was with civil liberties " a person's rights to be subject only to laws established for the good of the community." I think that we have become so hung up on the liberties part of this phrase that we have forgotten about the civil part, the part which talks of the good of the community. As part of my creation of this work I've been reading "The Battle for Home" by Syrian architect Marwa al-Sabouni. She talks of how the architecture and town planning of Syrian cities helped to fuel division and break down systems which nurtured peacefully co-existing communities. There seems to be a need implied in the phrase and its definition to at once preserve our ability to freedom as unique individuals whilst relying on the wider systems which nurture common concern. These systems are, I guess laws. I come from what I would loosely call a democratic, secular country and if I was to point the finger at the originator of the laws I live by I think I'd point it at the government. To kill a human would be against the law of my land, except if I was following orders in the armed forces, deciding to terminate a pregnancy (contentious I know but for clarity I think I have to include it) or killing myself. I would expect that should I kill somebody the law would seek me out and punish me. Minus the three permissions to kill a human given above its fairly clear to me that my liberty does not extend to killing somebody. But this is my homeland in the luxurious state of peace time. What if my liberties were relaxed, like in the time of war or in places where other exceptions are made or enforced? I might very well get confused. Civil liberties seem a lot more fluid than one might at first expect. Ask a person if their civil liberties are important to them and they will probably say yes but I wonder if any of us consider the responsibilities we might have to the good of the community when we encounter that phrase. Started an online debate so we might be able to think this through a little more and create a post post note. Before we stop to think about it we are also probably convinced that our place has the right idea when it comes to civil liberties and other countries are lacking. As I've become more concerned about the wider world I've become a little more bombastic about the controls which I'd be happy for my government to put in place. These would restrict my personal choices but increase the common good. As I am part of the common bit eventually the short term personal loss of choice would be worth it as I'd begin to see returns through common benefit. An example might be to facilitate green public transport everywhere for everyone at every time and not allow private transport. Another might be to get rid of my choice to buy non-organic food. Some might call these moves fascist. As a maverick by nature I would probably try to rebel. I'd also be happy for my government to free up some controls. Controls which to me seem to be about personal choice. I don't take "illegal" drugs but I'd be happy for all drug taking laws to be set aside. I think too much time is taken in policing them and as long as nobody else is affected or bares the costs the risks you take with your own body should be your own. As we have grown up in a certain place and go by its nationality it is however often safer and easier to believe that our country has on the whole got civil liberties right. The follow on from that is that it would be best if the rest of the world lived by the same civil liberty rules as we do. I've been thinking for a while now that we need to unpack each and every law and system. Sit around and consider firstly if it is valid and if it is where the management of it sits. Is it very locally i.e each individual decides or is it global i.e its so big that one nation state can't manage it alone. Ideally this would be done bottom up. This post note isn't quiet fully formed yet. It will no doubt get an edit but for now I'll post as is.
colours of that countries buildings and land, orange for Iranian buildings and the historic buildings in The Yemen, green for the Israeli fields and grey for the impression of Gaza. Saudi Arabia white like their traditional clothes, Syria mainly dust. The colours used don't express the richness of the country they are only impressions gleaned from a sideways look. Then other details which express certain instances. Bodies dragged from a Syrian home leaving a smear of blood. A lasting impression from a two part documentary on Syria. Crosses to show the bombs shot from the Golan Heights. A thick black line around Yemen, its blockade. A man on the news held up a yellow bomb. Found on the streets of Yemen by children, channelled through Saudi Arabia from American origins. These bombs make an appearance in the piece. Dirty and used in Yemen and cleanly stock piled across the boarder in Saudi Arabia. All these pieces denoting a nation state each. Then it struck me. Rather than seeing things through the religious, nation state or civil rights perspective I could apply another lens. What if one saw all these conflicts as a battle by large corporations for resources, primarily oil but maybe water in the future. We are programmed to think of ourselves as British or Catholic, democratic, etc. When needed these identifiers can be used to make us go to war or justify a war. What if we start to see ourselves instead ruled by Exon Mobil or BP. I'm going to do a lot more thinking on this. I want to see if the conflicts I've been struggling to fathom on religious or nation grounds make more sense if looked at through the concerns of these companies. It might not be pretty. I too am hooked on oil in one way or another. Why Continue Stitch After Stitch? 28th May 2018
It may be useful here to talk about what some artists are actually doing. There have been times when my practice lacks something for me. Contrary to this are times when I know that what I am doing is important. How do I know? Firstly I enquire into it. I consider ideas and the best way to manifest that idea. I may consider it at length or it may come to me seemingly in a flash. I may set of into action only to discover that it is not the right solution. I may start again several times. But when I do happen upon an idea and the right way to do something I feel its importance. Note I say "I feel its importance". This isn't putting forward an idea that art is some kind of automatic writing and that I am just a funnel through which some mythical entity does their work. Rather it is that the actions I have enquired into and decided to commit myself to are important. At the start of these actions e.g. crocheting the news for two years the feeling that it is important might be an inkling. It is however enough of an inkling to start me off. It gives me enough energy to begin. Often starting there and then with a matter of urgency. Then comes each stitch, brushstroke, cut etc etc. Hours and hours of life slip by in this pursuit. People may question your sanity. You sit in and stitch when you could go for a swim. You get up at 8am. Pick up your hook and stop at midnight. You become bored and tired and sometimes grumpy. All along the thing that keeps you going is that you know it to be important.
The work and the artists could be seen to be at once the same thing and completely separate. Just because the work is important doesn't mean that I am saying that I am important as a distinct individual. My importance is purely based on my willingness to engage in the decided action and get the work done. My importance is as the executor of the work, the person who cares enough about it to turn up each day or encourage others to turn up. I am also important in that the work comes about as a manifestation of hours of ponderances, research, lived life etc. The collection of and curating of this thinking may be unique to me. Unique in that they have never occurred in this place at this time, in this arrangement before. This of course is true of every entity. The molecules of a particular rock exist in this way and this place, at this time. Thus this rock is at once very important and at the same time no more important than the one next to it or at the other side of the universe, each being unique. It may be that the first rock holds up the statue of liberty. Whilst it does that it is seen by some humans to be an important rock. It is important purely through the action it performs every day. We might presume that the rock has no idea of its current importance. It might not know what would happen if it gave up the ghost and decided to crumble. At some point in its life it may be seen as unfit for purpose and taken away. If it retains a symbolic meaning it may be put in a museum, if not a breakers yard. In the museum it becomes a thing to look at and we acknowledge its previous action as the support for the statue of liberty. Our esteem doesn't come from the fact that the rock is a thing of beauty or has a wonderful composition instead it comes from the fact that each day it turned up to do a job and it performed that function just right. Turning up and doing the actions is one of the most important and underrated tasks an artist does. Alan Bennett once said that he was only a writer when he was writing. This is at once simple and profound. I would narrow it down a bit and say that I am only an artist when I am making important artworks. There is something which drives one on to keep going through the boring bits. To understand that a work will take thousands of hours, probably never reap financial rewards or perhaps even acknowledgement. I think that something, and its the same something which keeps us all going through difficult things, is the growing feeling that this action and their result are important.
Of course there are many millions of people who could now or could have created this "Like It. Lump It. We Are All Connected" work. It takes limited crocheting skill. Its processes are easy to learn. It is made of readily available and fairly cheap materials.
There comes a point when I show the work. I leave a comments book or talk to people at the exhibition. People might say "this is an important piece of work.". Whilst this is nice to hear with works like "Like It. Lump It. We Are All Connected" it doesn't come as a big surprise. Without the feeling that it is important I would have struggled to get this far.
Post note inspired by the comments book:
"Sorry to 'rain on your parade' but this 'artwork' just looks a mess bordering on an eyesore. This lovely church would be better off without it."
The second says;
"We don't want our churches to become a musuem. Art is a visual expression of our world."
This got me thinking. If you have read the previous parts of this blog you will probably realise that I am not that interested in creating a piece which is beautiful or ugly. Instead I want to create a piece which is true to the info which filters in through news stories and sticks to the rules I set at the outset. Rules being that it is to be in crochet, each piece roughly round, the colours and yarns chosen as fitting rather than nice and the joining of each piece determined by its conceptual connection not aesthetic concerns. The first comment in the book frustrates me as I feel that I have failed to communicate my intent. I've not had the chance to speak with the writer but it seems that they were looking for beauty and thinking that I was too. I would be in agreement that the work is an eye soar to some, indeed many parts of it are to me. The apology and the worry that the comment will rain on my parade seems to indicate that I'd disagree with their analasis of it as a mess and and eyesore. If the world and its news seems confusing, messy and ugly and the one of the roles of an artist is to highlight and reflect back the world as they see it they might have to make ugly art. With all this bubbling in my head I began an online discussion and invited some artist and non artist friends to comment. One strand which grew in this conversation was a debate about skill. One commenter says;
"There is however, a mean, austere aesthetic that has emerged in much contemporary visual art in recent years which I feel relates to the dumbing down (and loss) of skills in painting and drawing" he goes on to say in later posts that "My preferences usually have an edgy, visceral quality that communicate contemporary issues (of their day). I find middle of the road, superficially pretty stuff boring (and because of this, to me, it's ugly!)."
Pondering this I realise again why LILIWAAC and other works I've done are difficult. In a way its all upside down. The form of crochet might be said to be pretty, cosey, nostalgic and maybe mediocre and low brow. In choosing this form I may firstly attract those who are into pretty things but then the work repulses them as it is not quiet right, not pretty enough. It is a mis-appropriation of their loved form. Those who don't like pretty things might presume it has aspirations to be pretty. They may not see how it can be radical. I was talking to a friend who said that he wouldn't engage with art unless it was political. I wonder if this is why despite it being right up his street conceptually he hasn't been to see LILIWAAC yet.
Another strand of the conversation explored how ugly and beauty might not be opposites. Ugly isn't a lack of beauty or vice versa. Both ugliness and beauty can exist in the same thing at the same time. I think that LILIWAAC contains both beauty and ugliness. See it from a certain angle and there is even a kind of order growing. Another commenter pointed me in the direction of the book "Aesthetic Theory" by Theodor Adorno. Its heavy going but a few bits which popped out for me were, in Hitler's Germany the more beautiful a building was the more torture went on in its basement and the call people make that there is enough ugliness in the world so art should be a balm for that. All of this thought and debate has sparked up a passion in me and led me to generate a series of statements. I'm set to refine them and maybe turn them into postcards. I hope that they will help me communicate my intent more clearly.
Here they are in raw form:
"I refuse to be beautiful."
"I will try to be fitting."
"I am no more interested in beauty than I am in ugliness."
"My art may be beautiful or ugly. I give up control of that to the raw material which the world puts into the grinder. The grinder is the process of the work. This includes the rules, my own skills and manual dexterity, people who join the journey with me etc. The raw materials are things like news in 'LILIWAAC', personal emotions in 'Knit A Year' or found objects in 'Beautiful Things'. To alter to rules because of a preoccupation with the final object might be deceitful."
"I refuse to always be always polite, always"
"This may not be an entertaining or pleasurable experience."
"If you are only looking for pleasure there is a cafe and a gift shop."
"I find pleasure therefore I am."
Thoughts from the hang at St Marys and All Saints 3rd June 2018
I was nervous before this hang. Its in a 14th C heritage building which also has a deep meaning for its congregation. The only way to hang was to use the exsisting hooks and grills. There are some hooks which were drilled in during the second world war for black out blinds. These now welcome additions were about 25 ft up. There are curved pillars which are pretty hostile to ladders and lights which hang in space. I'd looked at the space several times but was aware that it i'd only really be able to work it out during the action of the hang. I was all set to hang it on my own but luckily my son, George was free. The plan was to hang the work across one of the aisles using the hooks and pillars as anchors. The 25ft climb was needed to get the fishing wire to the hooks. There were false starts with scary ladders and then George found a stick and a bulldog clip. We could stand on the ground and hook the string around the posts and hooks. Relief to put the heavy ladder back in its home. As we started to string it up it became clear that hanging it above peoples heads gave them the opportunity to feel like they were inside it rather than just observing it. As you walk through the work it goes from light where the spaces between bodies are wider to dark as you get under the dense authority part. I call the denser part "the boil". Its made to look pustulant. Its stuffed with indiscernible material. It could burst. When I am under in it I feel like I am in the belly of the beast. You walk on into the Grenfell part of the work. This has always had a diagrammatic feel to it. In this setting, silhouetted against the window it looks like a spiders web. On the second day of the hang I put in three downward spills. Three strands of red from the knife and gun crime section, a strand of white waiting for more refugees and a strand of blue, grey and black from the Grenfell in 2018 piece. These and the canopies above give me the impression of walking through a forest. I realise that the columns of the church and the vaulted canopy of the roof give this impression too. Perhaps the architects had this in mind when they created churches.
Crocheting Oil 11th June 2018
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| Taken from The BP statistical review |
I ended my blog on the Middle East confusion by proposing that the conflicts around the world might not be about nation states but rather be about large corporations, especially those concerned with oil. I admit to a bias in this view. I ride a push bike instead of owning a car, try to consume new stuff infrequently and constantly nag my family about turning the heating down. I get my energy from a 100% renewable source. I do all this for many reasons but one of the major driving forces behind my decisions is a realisation that I am hooked on oil and gas. Its in my clothes, makeup, sockets, taxi, packaging, food production etc etc. I can't get rid of it entirely but I can perhaps limit it. I look at the maps of conflicts and the maps of oil reserves and I note a correlation.I also note a correlation popping up in world news between crashes in a countries economy as oil is found. People in Venezuela for example struggling to afford overinflated food prices whilst its reserves of oil are high.
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I've crocheted oil in black cheap yarn, probably plastic based. The irony is not lost nor is the thinking needed to justify its use. It drips down the wall of the church at a remote distance from the rest of the work and also marks places where I think its relevance is felt. It currently features in the Middle East, plastics in the oceans, Grenfell and will probably feature in other places too. The oil work is similar to the early days boil type piece I created to represent the powers that be and large corporations. The boil takes up a large place in the work and yet power structures are rarely spoken off in the news. Instead of talking about a system which pushes us down we talk immigration, waring factions, politicians inability to eat sandwiches, facebook. Whilst I know that the project set out to crochet those stories which make the news it has always led me to look behind the stories. Its been funny that soon after I've started crocheting a hidden subject it will often jump into the news. Maybe the news is no longer leading us but rather our group consciousness, collective inklings and conversations are leading it. That might be a nice change.Is It Ok, Or Even possible, To Bury Your Head In The Sand?
Along this journey I've encountered all sorts of news consumers. Sometimes I'll hear a conversation about a news story as I travel about on the buses, sometimes I'll be in direct conversation with people. Several people have said that they don't watch or read any news. Sited as the most popular reason is that it depresses them. One person said that she wont watc hthe news but will ask friends to retell news stories which peak her interest. Several said that they didn't like the format of papers or TV news but later realised that news got through to them through friends sharing news stories on social media. I don't read papers any more. I find them too simplistic and frankly rather boring. I'd rather read a book about an issue I'm interested in or find articles online. I currently watch the BBC news and Al Jazeera. I watch documentaries sometimes. Before I started this project I might go months without hearing a news story from traditional sources. My own motive wasn't to avoid the sadness in the world but a dissatisfaction with the modes of telling the news. I wonder about the common argument that one must seek personal happiness and equilibrium at all cost and that one way one can do this is to place on blinkers to sad parts of life. To block out all news which contradicts your belief that all is well with every bodies world. I was prompted to these thoughts by a friends facebook post. The post talked about being around happy people and getting rid of negativitive people from your life. Its a common mantra which pops up time and time again. All that matters is our individual personal happiness and well being. I worry that this kind of thinking leads to a narrowing. There are those who are happy and there are those who are ostracised because they are sad or unfortunate and, so the mantra proposes, bring the happy people down. Those who are sad might take themselves away from society or fain happiness. My own experience is that opening oneself up to all the things we are connected to in life doesn't bring me long held sadness. Instead it brings a balanced view. I know that like the wider world I am not always happy, not always sad. I'm not always good or always bad. Sometimes I am full of energy at other times less so. During our conversations others have expressed a fear that their empathy is so sensitive that seeing the reality of the
world will throw them into a downward spiral. People have said that they don't watch
the news as it makes them cry. I personally don't think there is
anything wrong with crying. I can often be found sobbing over a
documentary. To cry over anothers
plight shows our best human trait, empathy. It also gives us an outlet
for emotions which might otherwise be bottled. After a cry I might leap
into action. The other outlet I have is making art. Its a privilege to
be able to take all those emotions, be they negative or positive and
articulate them through art. I say a privilege but its open to anybody
and if you aren't using it as a way to show off a skill or get approval
all that matters is your own expression. I'm interested in how traditional news stories are normally focused on the negative whilst social media may be said to be more mixed. I met a reporter the other day. We talked about Kentucky Fried Chicken running out of chicken and he commented,"that was a good story". A good story to a national or world reporter probably includes some hardship and novelty. I think social media however has more of a mix. The news you get will be more influenced by the friends you gather and the things you have shown an interest in. I've noted that more posts on my time line are positive than negative. Does this alter our view of the world? Regardless of other good and bad aspects of social media does it provide a cosier world view than traditional news mediums?
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